Depth of a random binary search tree with concurrent insertions

James Aspnes and Eric Ruppert. Depth of a random binary search tree with concurrent insertions. Distributed Computing - 30th International Symposium, {DISC} 2016, Paris, France, September 27–29, 2016. Proceedings, September 2016, pp. 371–384.

Abstract

Shuffle a deck of n cards numbered 1 through n. Deal out the first c cards into a hand. A player then repeatedly chooses one of the cards from the hand, inserts it into a binary search tree, and then adds the next card from deck to the hand (if the deck is empty). When the player finally runs out of cards, how deep can the search tree be?

This problem is motivated by concurrent insertions by c processes of random keys into a binary search tree, where the order of insertions is controlled by an adversary that can delay individual processes. We show that an adversary that uses any strategy based on comparing keys cannot obtain an expected average depth greater than O(c + log n). However, the adversary can obtain an expected tree height of Ω(c log (n/c)), using a simple strategy of always playing the largest available card.

BibTeX

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@inproceedings{AspnesR2016,
  author    = {James Aspnes and
               Eric Ruppert},
  editor    = {Cyril Gavoille and
               David Ilcinkas},
  title     = {Depth of a Random Binary Search Tree with Concurrent Insertions},
  booktitle = {Distributed Computing - 30th International Symposium, {DISC} 2016,
               Paris, France, September 27--29, 2016. Proceedings},
  series    = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  volume    = {9888},
  pages     = {371--384},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year      = {2016},
  url       = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53426-7_27},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-662-53426-7_27},
  timestamp = {Mon, 05 Sep 2016 12:49:45 +0200},
  biburl    = {https://dblp.dagstuhl.de/rec/bib/conf/wdag/AspnesR16},
  bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

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